Arabic Transliteration

Arabic language has a different writing system than the most used writing system, Latin Alphabet. Arabic uses hijaiyah, a writing system that widely used in the middle east languages including Farsi, Urdu, Pasto, and notably Jawi (Malay in a form of Arabic).

Due to the difference of the writing system, the translation to another language will need phonetic adaptations. Arabic has sounds that don’t exist in English or Indonesian language. For example, the word ص is pronounced ṣa in english, sha or so in Indonesian. Depending on the language and cultural difference, the word صلاة will be written as ṣalāh or salat or sholat or shalat or solat.

They are all valid and there is no single “correct” transliteration.